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Tenshō Iga War
is the name of two invasions of Iga province by the Oda clan during the Sengoku period. The province was conquered by Oda Nobunaga in 1581 after an unsuccessful attempt in 1579 by his son Oda Nobukatsu. The names of the wars are derived from the Tenshō era name (1573–1592) in which they occurred. Other names for the campaign include or .
==Background==
Geographically, the Iga region was surrounded by mountains on all sides that could only be passed through via narrow pathways. This, plus the distance of the region from major transportation routes, meant that Iga was easily defensible by a relatively small number of men and was not a priority target for outside forces.〔Souyri (2010), p. 111〕
The Niki clan had served as shugo of the province for the Ashikaga shogunate, but their control had never been strong and soon weakened further as the shogun's authority diminished. No great warlord rose to take their place, although the Rokkaku to the north and the Kitabatake to the east extended their influence over parts of the province.〔Nishigaki, Matsushima (1975), p. 103〕 Instead, as also happened in some neighboring areas, the province came to be controlled by a league (ikki) of the numerous local warrior clans (jizamurai) which had formed to defend the area's independence from outside military forces. The earliest details of the league are unknown, but by the mid-16th century it had been formalized as an organization known as the .〔Souyri (2010), p. 113-114, 117〕
Following the Battle of Okehazama in 1560, Oda Nobunaga of Owari province began his rise as a prominent daimyo of central Japan, rapidly expanding his territory. In 1567 he began his invasion of Ise province, which was then largely under the control of the Kitabatake clan. He slowly caused the Kitabatake vassals to switch to his side, and forced Kitabatake Tomofusa, the head of the clan, to sue for peace following the Battle of Okawachi Castle in 1569. As part of the peace agreement, Tomofusa adopted Nobunaga's son Nobukatsu as his heir, ceding much of his authority to the Oda. In December 1576 Nobunaga and Nobukatsu assassinated most of the remaining Kitabatake leadership (the Mise Incident), cementing their control of Ise.〔Rekishi Gunzō (1990), p. 95-96〕〔Nishigaki, Matsushima (1975), p. 100-101〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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